Introduction
A stream represents a sequence of elements and supports different kinds of operations that lead to the desired result. The source of a stream is usually a Collection or an Array, from which data is streamed from.
Streams differ from collections in several ways; most notably in that the streams are not a data structure that stores elements. They're functional in nature, and it's worth noting that operations on a stream produce a result and typically return another stream, but do not modify its source.
To "solidify" the changes, you collect the elements of a stream back into a Collection.
In this guide, we'll take a look at how to collect and reverse a list in Java.
Collect and Reverse a List in Java
The first approach would be to collect() the stream into a list - and then use the Collections.reverse() method on the list, which reverses it in-place.
Note: If you also want to sort the collection while reversing it, you can use the sorted(Comparator.reverseOrder()) method in the chain. However, this will impose a completely new relative order of elements.
Let's define a stream with some elements, collect it into a list, reverse the list and print it:
Stream<?> s = Stream.of(1, 2, 3, 4, 5);
List<?> list = s.collect(Collectors.toList());
Collections.reverse(list);
System.out.println(list);
This results in:
[5, 4, 3, 2, 1]
This works well, but there's a simpler way to do this - all in one method. The collectingAndThen() method allows us to chuck in an additional finishing transformation Function besides the collect() method. This way, we can collect the stream and perform the Collections.reverse() call in the same collect() call!
Collect and Reverse a List with collectingAndThen()
If you'd like to read more about
collectingAndThen()- read our detailed, definitive Guide to Java 8 Collectors: collectingAndThen()!
Let's take a look at how we can use collectingAndThen() to bundle the transformations into a single call:
Stream<?> s = Stream.of(1, 2, 3, 4, 5);
List<?> list = s.collect(
Collectors.collectingAndThen(
Collectors.toList(),
l -> {Collections.reverse(l); return l; }
)
);
System.out.println(list);
Here, we've supplied an adapter Collector to the collect() method. The adapted collector runs Collectors.toList(), and a Lambda function to reverse and return the reversed list. Finally - the returned value is assigned to the list reference variable!
If you'd like to read more about Functional Interfaces and Lambda Expressions in Java - read our Guide to Functional Interfaces and Lambda Expressions in Java!
This results in:
[5, 4, 3, 2, 1]
Conclusion
In this short guide, we've taken a look at how you can collect and reverse a stream/list in Java 8, using collect() and Collections.reverse() - individually, and together through the collectingAndThen() method.
